HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND CIVILIZATION

TOİ171

Course Code: TOİ171
Semester: -
Theory+Practice: 3 + 0
ECTS: 4

Course Type

Elective Course

Course Level

Associate Degree

Year of Study

Semester

ECTS

Name of Lecturer(s)

Associate Professor Rasih Haldun Aydıngün

Learning Outcomes

At the end of this course, the students;

Explains the birth of civilizations and the historical development of scientific thought from ancient times to the present in a chronological and sociological perspective.
Comparatively analyzes the contributions of different civilizations (Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greek, Islamic, Chinese, European) to science, culture, and technology.
Evaluates the effects of scientific revolutions (Renaissance, Enlightenment, Industrial Revolution) on the socio-economic structure, environmental transformations, and human travel/lifestyle.
Discusses the role of universal ethical principles, philosophical movements, and societal values in the production and transmission processes of scientific knowledge on a historical plane.
By grasping the foundations of the contemporary age of science and technology (Industry 4.0, digitalization, artificial intelligence), interprets the reflections of these developments on modern society, including the tourism and service sectors, from an interdisciplinary perspective.

Mode of Delivery

Face to face

Prerequisites

Recommended Optional Programme Components

None

Course Description

This course examines the emergence, scientific revolutions, and cultural interactions of Asian, African, American, and European civilizations from prehistoric periods to the present day from a global perspective. The political and economic trends shaping human history are objectively analyzed. Within the scope of the course learning outcomes, students acquire the competency to explain the historical development of tourism and travel phenomena by correlating them with various disciplines and to integrate a lifelong learning philosophy into their personal qualifications by studying the evolution of civilizations.

Course Contents

WEEK	TOPICS
1^st Week	Introduction to the Course: Definitions of Civilization, Culture, and Science
2^nd Week	Origins of Science: Prehistoric Times and Early Civilizations (Mesopotamia, Egypt)
3^rd Week	Natural Philosophy and the Birth of Scientific Thought in Ancient Greece
4^th Week	Science, Engineering, and Medicine in the Hellenistic Period and Roman Empire
5^th Week	Eastern Civilizations: Science and Technology in Chinese and Indian Cultures
6^th Week	The Golden Age of Science in the Islamic World and Its Transmission to Europe
7^th Week	The Middle Ages in Europe, the Founding of Universities, and Scholasticism
8^th Week	Midterm Exam
9^th Week	The Renaissance: Art, Science, Explorations, and the Awakening to Modern Science
10^th Week	The Scientific Revolution: New Cosmology in Astronomy and Physics (Copernicus, Galileo, Newton)
11^th Week	The Enlightenment: The Reign of Reason and the Birth of Social Sciences
12^th Week	The Industrial Revolution: Technology, Energy Transformation, and Impacts on Social Structure
13^th Week	19th and 20th Century Science: Theory of Evolution, Relativity, and Quantum Physics
14^th Week	The Information Age: Digital Revolution, Artificial Intelligence, and the Scientific Ethics of the Future

Recommended or Required Reading

1. Gombrich, E. H., Genç Okurlar İçin Kısa Bir Dünya Tarihi (İstanbul: İnkılap Kitabevi, 19973)
2. Yıldırım, C. (2019). Bilim tarihi (20. Baskı). Remzi Kitabevi.
3. Sarton, G. (2020). Bilim tarihi (M. Yılmaz, Çev.). Doruk Yayınları. (Orijinal eser basım tarihi 1952).
4. Sayılı, A. (2021). Mısırlılarda ve Mezopotamyalılarda matematik, astronomi ve tıp. Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.
5. McClellan, J. E., & Dorn, H. (2015). Science and technology in world history: An introduction (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press.
6. Lindberg, D. C. (2007). The beginnings of Western science: The European scientific tradition in philosophical, religious, and institutional context, prehistory to A.D. 1450 (2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press.
7. Harari, Y. N. (2015). Sapiens: A brief history of humankind. Harper.
8. Ribard, A., İnsanlığın Tarihi (İstanbul: Say Kitap, 1983)

Planned Learning Activities and Teaching Methods

Lecture
Project
Presentation
Questions/Answers
Discussion

Assessment Methods and Criteria

	Quantity	Percentage (%)
Mid-term	1	30
Project	1	30
Total(%)		60
Contribution of In-term Studies to Overall Grade(%)		60
Contribution of Final Examination to Overall Grade(%)		40
Total(%)		100

ECTS Allocated Based on Student Workload

Activities	Quantity	Duration (Hour)	Total Workload (Hour)
Midterm exam	1	1	1
Preparation for Quiz
Individual or group work	14	3	42
Preparation for Final exam	1	17	17
Course hours	14	3	42
Preparation for Midterm exam	1	17	17
Laboratory (including preparation)
Final exam	1	1	1
Homework
Total Work Load			120
Total Work Load / 30 (h)			4
ECTS Credit of the Course			4

Language of Instruction

Turkish

Work Placement(s)

Programme Qualifications / Learning Outcomes

	LO1	LO2	LO3	LO4	LO5
K1	X	X	X
K2
K3					X
K4
K5				X
K6
K7
K8		X
K9			X	X
K10	X				X
K11
K12			X	X	X